| 000 -LEADER |
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| fixed length control field |
03241nam a22001577a 4500 |
| 082 ## - DEWEY DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION NUMBER |
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| Classification number |
610 |
| 100 ## - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME |
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| Personal name |
Niazi, Anum |
| 245 ## - TITLE STATEMENT |
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| Title |
Mental Workload on the Children in Multilingual Environment / |
| Statement of responsibility, etc. |
Anum Niazi |
| 264 ## - PRODUCTION, PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, MANUFACTURE, AND COPYRIGHT NOTICE |
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| Place of production, publication, distribution, manufacture |
Islamabad : |
| Name of producer, publisher, distributor, manufacturer |
SMME- NUST; |
| Date of production, publication, distribution, manufacture, or copyright notice |
2023. |
| 300 ## - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION |
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| Extent |
56p. |
| Other physical details |
Soft Copy |
| Dimensions |
30cm |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. |
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| Summary, etc. |
Background: The children in Pakistan study in a multilingual environment. They have<br/>books of subjects; Mathematics, Science, Social Studies, and Islamiyat in English language, most<br/>of the time teachers give instructions only in English language. However, their home tongue is<br/>different from English e.g. Urdu, Punjabi, Saraiki, Pushto, Balochi, and Sindhi etc. Children<br/>speak with their parents and siblings in their own language.<br/>Objective: Children in schools face a multilingual environment. That may cause more<br/>workload during class time. The workload is comprised of 6 components; mental demand,<br/>physical demand, temporal demand, performance, effort, and frustration. The main objective of<br/>this study is to measure the workload on children, who are studying in schools in multilingual<br/>environments.<br/>Method: We tested 187 samples of children studying in public and private schools facing<br/>multilingual environments. The ages of children were 11-14. We designed 3 experiments for this<br/>subjective study, a home language survey, and three task questionnaires. We designed tasks<br/>questionnaires of mathematics in English language, translated that mathematics questions in<br/>Urdu language, and English Grammar task questionnaires from the SAT KS2 paper for grade 7.<br/>We also designed a home language survey to assess the language they speak with their parents,<br/>siblings and friends, the language of teacher’s instructions in the classroom, language in which<br/>children can efficiently understand and learn their subject’s concepts. We also measured the<br/>workload on children due to the multilingual environment with a workload measuring tool;<br/>NASA-TLX test.<br/>Result: The result of this study showed that children faced more mental workload when<br/>they solved the Mathematics task in English and less mental workload in Urdu. When we see<br/>other subscales of workload, children required more physical demand, temporal demand, and<br/>effort when they solved the task in English as compared to the Urdu language. They also showed<br/>lower performance and felt frustrated when they solved tests in the English language.<br/>Conclusion: Children showed more mental workload when they performed tasks in<br/>English language and less mental workload in the Urdu language. Books should be in the<br/>national language; Urdu and the teacher should give subject-relevant instructions in the tongue<br/>language.<br/>xiii<br/>Application: These conclusions can contribute to the developing field of education<br/>called “educational ergonomics”, indicating that a reliable measurement tool can identify<br/>children who are facing more workload. School environment and factors of human psychology<br/>can be improved for children’s better mental health. |
| 650 ## - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
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| Topical term or geographic name entry element |
MS Biomedical Sciences (BMS) |
| 700 ## - ADDED ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME |
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| Personal name |
Supervisor : Dr. Muhammad Nabeel Anwar |
| 856 ## - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS |
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| Uniform Resource Identifier |
<a href="http://10.250.8.41:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/38313">http://10.250.8.41:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/38313</a> |
| 942 ## - ADDED ENTRY ELEMENTS (KOHA) |
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| Source of classification or shelving scheme |
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| Koha item type |
Thesis |
