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Typhoid fever is a serious public health threat for which the needs of antimicrobial treatment are
increasing. This acute illness coupled with fever caused by the virulent and pathogenic multi-drug
resistance plus extensively-drug resistant salmonella enterica typhi bacteria. A total of 85 fresh
human clinical Salmonella Enterica Serovar typhi isolates were recovered from patients in
different hospitals of Pakistan during the period of 2020-2021. Of the total 85 samples, 35 (40.4%)
strains were phenotypic azithromycin-resistant while, 24 (28.5%) were genotypic azithromycinresistant strains of S.typhi. The PCR analysis publicized that 59 isolates (69.5%) contained acrB
gene expression and 46 isolates (54.7%) carried rplV gene expression and all the isolates carried
rplV gene expression were also positive for acrB gene. Similarly, the virulotyping of three
specified genes such as; pefA, sopE1 and gipA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of salmonella
typhi isolates was also done in this study. By using Pearson’s chi-square test, a significance
differences were observed between MDR and XDR status with specified virulence genes.
However, no significant differences were identified among any virulence gene and antibiotic
resistance patterns at less than p value (p<.05). In addition, the final product of two-way factorial
ANOVA identifies significant differences between both factors i.e., virulence genes and AR
patterns, with F calculated is bigger than F-critical value. However, the interaction effect between
virulent and AR-status was not significant, as F-calculated was smaller (1.014) than F-critical
(3.84). This study is designed to determine whether there is a complex relationship exists between
AR status and virulence genes of S-typhi. However, the study of rplV gene expression is Novel in
Pakistan and is conducting for the first time in this study. The findings from this study will help
the scientific community to permit a better perceptive of pathogenic character of salmonella typhi
and to develop a modified-treatment strategy that will help in the management, cure and prevention
from salmonellosis.