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Vitexin a natural flavonoid, occasionally used in pharmaceutics due to its variety of medicinal
effects and its roles in fat metabolism, hepatoprotection, and anticancer therapies. It has been
rendered important for diseases leading to chronic liver disease, such as NASH/NAFLD,
diabetes, cardiovascular ailments, and Liver cirrhosis. Recently, it has been administered in pure
drug formulation, in combination with other chemicals, and nanoparticulate form mostly
intravenously for various types of liver diseases. In its pure form it shows lower bioavailability
due to its insolubility in aqueous environments and a lower rate of intestinal absorption. Since
vitexin is known for its role in reducing and reversing the complications arising from
decompensated liver cirrhosis, liposomal nanoparticles encapsulating vitexin were prepared by
the ‘thin-film hydration’ process along with passive drug loading. Polyethylene glycol (PEG)
coating of vitexin-loaded nanoparticles was used in the oral treatment of advanced liver disease
in this research. Wistar rat models of intense liver injury was prepared and treated with vitexinloaded liposomal nanoparticles coated with PEG-1000 and PEG-2000. Histopathological,
serological analysis and various other parameters observed and analyzed during and after the
disease induction and completion of the treatment protocol presented better results and a possible
reversal of liver cirrhosis when nanoparticles were coated with PEG-2000 in oral treatment.
PEG-2000 also shows positive role in the oral administration to match the effectiveness of
previously used vitexin-loaded nanoparticles for intravenous treatment of liver cirrhosis.